Title:The virtual fundamental class for the moduli space of surfaces of general type

Abstract:We suggest a construction of obstruction theory on the moduli stack of index one covers over semi-log-canonical surfaces of general type. Comparing with the index one covering Deligne-Mumford stack of a semi-log-canonical surface, we define the $\lci$ covering Deligne-Mumford stack. The $\lci$ covering Deligne-Mumford stack only has locally complete intersection singularities.
We construct the moduli stack of $\lci$ covers over the moduli stack of surfaces of general type and a perfect obstruction theory. The perfect obstruction theory induces a virtual fundamental class on the Chow group of the moduli stack of surfaces of general type. Thus our construction proves a conjecture of Sir Simon Donaldson for the existence of virtual fundamental class. A tautological invariant is defined by taking integration of the power of first Chern class for the CM line bundle on the moduli stack over the virtual fundamental class. This can be taken as a generalization of the tautological invariants defined by the integration of tautological classes over the moduli space $\overline{M}_g$ of stable curves to the moduli space of stable surfaces.